Egbert percy bboitssoit



UNITED STATES P EN OFFICE.

manu- Ii BQY BQKS M-Q LQNDQNANGLANP- MANUFACTURE or e as No 4 Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known ,that I, Ros na .PERQY BRQUSF son, a subject of the King ofGrreat Britain and Ireland, residing at London, England, have invented Ir n rovementsRelating to the Manufacture of as, of the following is a specification.

The enrichment of ordinary coal gas by the use ofca'nnel coal is ,YGLYIGXPQIISIYQ owng-to the small qua it ty of ,cannel coal that is now available and its consequent high.

priceiand tolthe fact that the coke from lv cannel coal does not find a ready market. It has become usual, in gas works of any considerable s ze, to dispense with vthe use of cannel coal or'sub'stitutes like natural.

asplialts and to install apparatus for ,the

' production of carbureted water gas whereby the coal gas'can be enriohedand, when de-- sired, the output of gas increased to meetthe demand, but, assuch apparatus involves considerable outlay and ,the employment of men skilled in its manipulation, manysmall gas works have not' ado'pted it. y

The objeot 'of the present invention is to enable the output of gas to -be"i norea-sed or enriched, or both, more economically than is possible with either of the above methods and Without the useof speoial machin ery or plant, for instance such as k is needed in the production of carbureted water- Now according to my invent on I 1nt1- matly mix bitumen obtained from distillation with coaliin suitable proportions and treat the mixture in retorts in the way coal is ordinarily treatednhereby I obtain a. greater output of gas' than can be obtained from a corresponding amount of coal alone and even from corresponding amounts of coal and bitumen treated separately reto'rts. y

In this way the output can be largely increased with a comparatively small addition to amountbt' material carbonized, or the output required, enriched if n'e'cesessary can be obtained with a considerable reductioi'i' in theamount of material carbonized, it may be even to such an extent that the number of retort 'settingsin use can be decreased.

Bitumen derived from distillation differs froni'nat'uralbitumen in that the per centage of ash or foreign matter is very small; that a smallproportion in admixture with coal largely increases the yield.

;ave'ra'ge output per ton of coal.

of gas obtained from the mixture r fi e i a of tfwr i c I ,PateutedAug 9,19 llppli cation filed September 28, 1915. Seria1.No.;53,151.

orquality of gas,;and that the c0ke.;is,not detrimentally affected by itsuse The bitumen ,I: preferjzis produced-by carrying the,,'n o,1malpetroleum distillation process ,to, a; further stage than isyusual gfOI the production "of bitumen flviz. to about 750 :F. onto .suehaitemperature {as will produce 1 a EbitumGn ,which, on cooling, -rbeco1 nes avhard; black mass, that lSwbIlttlE or coal, it will naturally giveofl gaseszimore ap y nth p ary s age of c bonizetron of the intimate jnixtureof bitumen and o tbu bat mater al n l rea ith tcon- \dition of coke at substantially the same time gas being evolyed iirombothmaterials until that condition is reached atttheend of the process.

The invention can be carried out in a very simple manner, the c desired propojrtion of bitumen, reduced, if needbe =to,the required size, being thoroughly mixed with the coal to vbe ,earl)onized, mixture-being made'before chargingc ntp the ,retorts 1 or in the retorts and the gas making .con-

ducted in theusual way,-,. are being taken that ,the temperature of carbpn-ization is not 10W. .t

,The' proportion oif'bitumen may. be varied according ,to particular requirements and qualitiesof coal used. I 'ha'ye found thatiwith charges comprising 95 per cent. of good quality coal and 5 per centigofbitumen, the output of gas per ton ms con= siderably increased, the candle power or calorific value being'maintained the same, the output of gas from'the ,coalandibitunien mixture howing an increas'eno'f over two thousand cubic feet perton as compared with the average output p erhtoii often alone; with a mixture ,o i'-92% per cent. of coal and 7-} per cent; offbitumenltherewas obtained anincrea'se of'over'five thousand cubic f e er el as seawat with th The yield g is considerably more than the yield of gas from corresponding amounts of coal and bitumen carbonized separately. Although thigher percentages of bitumen. may possibly be used with advantage, my experiments indi-' cate that high percentages of bitumen will not give correspondingly high yields of gas; moreover it should be borne in mind that with high percentages of bitumen difiiculties may occur, such .as'excessive flame or flare during charging and deposit of liquid bitumen at the cooler ends of retorts of the horizontal type.

In caseswhere it is desired that the illuminating power 'or' the calorific value of the gas shall be high for the quality of coal used, the conditions under which the mixture of coal and bitumen is carbonized are regulated in a similar manner to that usual in the manufacture of gas from coal when a rich gas or a gas of high calorific value 15 required.

The invention renders available to gas makers amethod of enriching or increasing the output of an ordinary'coal gas worlrs which is cheap, simple and effectlve and is capable of increasing the output to meet a sudden demand due to fog or other cause much more quickly than can be done with carbureted water gas plant which takes a considerable time to get under way. Furthermore,thecoke resulting from carbonization of the mixture is of good, physical quality and produces less clinker than ordinary cokewhen burnt in furnaces.

The cost of the bitumen referred to delivered at the works should not be excessive owing to low" transport costs and 1n the works 1t can be largely handled in the same way, by the same men and machinery and submitted to the same treatment as the coal so that the process of gas making is not com plicated by its use.

"What I claim is 1. A process of manufacturing gas consisting in intimately mixing with coal bitumen of a hard, brittle, stable and refractory nature obtained by distillation of petroleum at approximately .7 F., and subjecting the mixture in the retorts to the heat treatment usual in coal gas manufacture, substantiallyas described.

2. A process of manufacturing gas consisting in intimately mixing with coal bitumen of a hard, brittle, stable and refractory nature obtained the distillation of petroleum at approximately 7 50 lf andsubjecting the mixturein the retorts to the heat treatment usual in coal gas manufacture, substantially as described.

3. A process of manufacturing gas con-,

Genie! ofthis patentmay be obtained for sisting in intimately mixing with coal a bitumen of a hard, brittle, stable and refractory nature obtained by distillation, said bitumen requiring to complete its vaporization a temperature closely approaching the temperature required to completethe vaporization of the coal, and subjecting the mixture in the retorts to the heattreatment usual in coal gas manufacture, substantially as described.

a. The process of manufacturing gas, consisting inmixing with coal a relatively small quantity. of finely divided bitumen of a hard, brittle, stable and refractory nature requiring to complete its carbonization a temperature approaching closely the temperature required to complete the carbonization of coal, thoroughly mixing the divided bitumen'with the coal, whereby the bitumen will, be evenly distributed throughout the mass, and then subjecting the mixed bitumen and coal to a high carbonizing heat in a retort. V

5. The process of manufacturing gas consisting in first obtainingbitumen of a hard, brittle, stable and refractory nature by distilling petroleum toa final temperature of approximately 7 50 F., finely dividing said hard brittle bitumen, thoroughly mixing the divided bitumen with coal to evenly distribute it throughout the mass, and then subjecting the mixed bitumen and coal to the heat treatment usual in coal-gas manufacture, whereby the bitumen and coal'will be carbonized simultaneously and the result' ing gases thoroughly mixed in the retort during-the process of carbonization.

6. The process of manufacturing gas consisting in first producing a hard brittle bitumen by distilling petroleum to a final temperature of approximately 7 50 F., whereby the saidbitumen will require in its carbonization approximately the same degree of heat five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patqnts, Washington, D. G. 

